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The foreskin is the thin layer of skin that covers the end of the penis. If you or your child has a tight foreskin, it will be difficult to pull it back from the end of the penis.
A tight foreskin is normal in babies and young boys. Most boys' foreskins do not pull back (retract) before the age of 5, but sometimes it's not possible until they're 10 or older.
The end of a boy's penis may bulge or balloon when they pee, particularly if their foreskin is tight.
A tight foreskin is not usually a problem, unless there are symptoms such as:
Swelling, tenderness and bleeding or discharge from under the foreskin can also be signs of balanitis.
If your or your child's foreskin is tight, but is not causing problems like pain or bleeding, there are some things you can do to help ease it and keep the penis clean.
wash your penis regularly – use warm water or warm water and non-perfumed soap
gently pull back your foreskin as far as you can, so you can clean underneath it (adults only) – always re-cover the penis after cleaning
do not pull back the foreskin of a baby or young boy that is still attached to the end of the penis because it could be painful and damage it, leading to problems in later life
do not use perfumed soap, talcum powder or deodorants on your penis because they may cause irritation
The foreskins of babies and young boys will usually loosen as they get older, so treatment is often not needed.
If your or your child's foreskin is causing problems, treatments include:
Sometimes if the foreskin is very tight it can get stuck when pulled back and cannot go back to its original position covering the end of the penis. The end of the penis can then become very swollen and painful.
This is known as paraphimosis and it's a medical emergency.
Immediate treatment is needed to avoid serious complications like restricted blood flow to the penis.
A doctor may be able to return the foreskin to its original position. Sometimes surgery to remove the foreskin (circumcision) may be recommended.
Do not drive to A&E. Ask someone to drive you or call 999 and ask for an ambulance.
Bring any medicines you take with you.
